KMCRIC

Gut bacteria selectively promoted by dietary fibers alleviate type 2 diabetes.

Zhao L, Zhang F, Ding X, Wu G, Lam YY, Wang X, Fu H, Xue X, Lu C, Ma J, Yu L, Xu C, Ren Z, Xu Y, Xu S, Shen H, Zhu X, Shi Y, Shen Q, Dong W, Liu R, Ling Y, Zeng Y, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wang J, Wang L, Wu Y, Zeng B, Wei H, Zhang M, Peng Y, Zhang C.

Science.

2018

359(6380)

1151-6.

10.1126/science.aao5774.

29590046

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29590046

Adult
Aged
Bacteria/classification
Bacteria/genetics
Bacteria/metabolism
China
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy*
Diet
Dietary Fiber/metabolism*
Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism*
Feces
Female
Fermentation
Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism
Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis
Humans
Hydrogen Sulfide/metabolism
Indoles/metabolism
Male
Metagenomics
Middle Aged

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The gut microbiota benefits humans via short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production from carbohydrate fermentation, and deficiency in SCFA production is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a randomized clinical study of specifically designed isoenergetic diets, together with fecal shotgun metagenomics, to show that a select group of SCFA-producing strains was promoted by dietary fibers and that most other potential producers were either diminished or unchanged in patients with T2DM. When the fiber-promoted SCFA producers were present in greater diversity and abundance, participants had better improvement in hemoglobin A1c levels, partly via increased glucagon-like peptide-1 production. Promotion of these positive responders diminished producers of metabolically detrimental compounds such as indole and hydrogen sulfide. Targeted restoration of these SCFA producers may present a novel ecological approach for managing T2DM.

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